Bobowa Jewish cemetery
ul. Wichrowa, 38-350 Bobowa
Tourist region: Pogórza
The Jewish cemetery in Bobowa was established in the 18th century on a hill above the road to Janowa, from Tarnów to Grybów, in the hamlet of Pulonki, about 2 kilometres from Bobowa. The wooded cemetery is beautifully situated on a steep hillside among fields.
The graveyard, irregular in shape and covering an area of 0.75 hectare, has more than 200 gravestones with marble, granite and sandstone headstones. Some are very interesting, with flat panels decorated with bas-reliefs of traditional motifs and inscriptions in Hebrew and German. The higher-lying part of the cemetery is newer and better preserved, while the sunken graves in the older part are overgrown with weeds. The condition of some of the tombstones is poor, they are tilted and in danger of falling, damaged by weathering. The hole left by the ritual well can also be seen.
A special place at the top of the hill is the ohel with a tomb, rebuilt in 1945, where the founder of the Bobowa dynasty, the Bobowa tzadik Shlomo Halberstam, son of Natan Meir and grandson of the founder of the Nowy Sącz tzaddik dynasty Chaim Halberstam of Nowy Sącz and Eliezer of Dzików, who died in 1905, rests. Chaim Yaakov, husband of Chaya Shayndel, daughter of Tzadik Shlomo Halberstam, son of Moshe Joseph Teitelbaum descendant of Tzadik Moshe Teitelbaum of Ujhely, was buried with him. The graves of both tzadikim are the destination of pilgrimages by Hasidim from all over the world. Members of the Rebbe family from Bobowa were buried nearby.
In the lower corner of the cemetery is the very overgrown War Cemetery No. 132, a concrete curb-surrounded quarter for soldiers of the Austro-Hungarian army of the Jewish faith who died between 1914 and 1915 during the First World War. Seven soldiers were buried there in five individual graves and one mass grave. The name of one of them is unknown. The quarters were arranged by the War Graves Division of the C. and K. Military Commandery in Kraków. The main feature is six gravestones without plaques or Stars of David, surrounded by a double low concrete wall.
Not far from the entrance is a marked mass grave of Holocaust victims from the Second World War, fenced with a metal barrier. Executions of Jewish people took place in the cemetery. Those shot by the Nazis and murdered in Bobowa and the surrounding area were buried in mass graves between 1939 and 1945.
The devastation of the necropolis began during the war and continued until 1961, when the cemetery was closed. Thanks to the commitment of Jechiel and Beila Kurtz, the ohel of Tzadik Halberstam was rebuilt during the communist era. In 1988, the Nissenbaum Family Foundation restored the access road, which had been removed after the war and was asphalted in the 21st century. The cemetery has been tidied up and fenced off with netting. On the mass grave of the execution victims, a monument styled as a matzevah with a vertical slab bearing an inscription has been erected. The cemetery is relatively well maintained and periodically cleaned up.